Name: α-Bungarotoxin-ATTO Fluor-488
Brand: Alomone Labs
SKU: B-100-AG

Cat #: B-100-AG

Alternative Name Long neurotoxin 1, α-Bgtx, α-BuTX

Lyophilized Powder yes

Bioassay Tested

Origin Modified natural protein isolated from Bungarus multicinctus (Many-banded krait).

MW: ~9140 Da

Purity: >95% (HPLC)

Form Lyophilized powder.

Effective concentration 1 nM - 3 μM

Sequence IVCHTTATSPISAVTCPPGENLCYRKMWCDAFCSSRGKVVELGCAATCPSKKPYEEVTCCSTDKCNPHPKQRPG

Modifications Disulfide bonds between Cys³-Cys²³, Cys¹⁶-Cys⁴⁴, Cys²⁹-Cys³³, Cys⁴⁸-Cys⁵⁹ and Cys⁶⁰-Cys⁶⁵

Label ATTO-488. ATTO dyes are characterized by strong absorption (high extinction coefficient), high fluorescence quantum yield, and high photo-stability. ATTO-488 maximum absorption is 501 nm and maximum fluorescence is at 523 nm. The fluorescence is excited most efficiently in the 480 - 515 nm range. This label is analogous to the well known dye fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) and can be used with filters typically used to detect FITC. The extent of labeling is 1-3 molecules of dye per molecule α-Bungarotoxin.

Structure

Activity α-Bungarotoxin blocks postsynaptic neuromuscular transmission via competitive inhibition of nicotinic ACh receptors (nAChRs), thereby preventing the depolarizing action on postsynaptic membranes and blocking neuromuscular transmission. Selective for α7 receptors (IC₅₀ value of 1.6 nM) and α3/β4 receptors (IC₅₀ value of >3 μM)^1,2. The toxin also blocks GABA(A) receptor subtypes³.

References-Activity

Wilson, S.P. and Kirshner, N. (1977) J. Neurochem. 28, 687.
Garcia-Guzman, M. et al. (1995) Eur. J. Neurosci. 7, 647.
McCann, C.M. et al. (2006) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 103, 5149.

Shipping and storage Shipped at room temperature. Product as supplied can be stored intact at room temperature for several weeks. For longer periods, it should be stored at -20°C. Avoid exposure to light.

Solubility Any aqueous buffer. Centrifuge all product preparations before use (10000 x g 5 min). Avoid exposure to light. The product is lyophilized in 0.5 ml conical vial.

Storage of solutions Up to two weeks at 4°C or three months at -20°C. Avoid exposure to light.

Our bioassay

Alomone Labs α-Bungarotoxin-ATTO Fluor-488 in whole mount staining of mouse Gastrocnemius muscle.
Whole mount staining of mouse Gastrocnemius muscle stained with the neuromuscular junction marker α-Bungarotoxin-ATTO Fluor-488 (#B-100-AG), (green) at 1:50 (A) and 1:100 (B) ratios.
The images were taken using Nikon Epifluorescence microscopy at X100 magnification and are a kind gift from Dr. Eran Perlsson, Dept. of Physiology and Pharmacology, Tel-Aviv University.
Alomone Labs α-Bungarotoxin-ATTO Fluor-488 inhibits α7 nAChR heterologously expressed in Xenopus oocytes.
A. Time course of α7 nAChR current recording. Membrane potential was held at -60 mV and constantly perfused with a solution containing 3 μM PNU-120596. 1 mM ACh was applied for 2 seconds every 90 seconds, in order to stimulate the channel’s current. 200 nM α-Bungarotoxin-ATTO Fluor-488 (#B-100-AG) was applied (green) during the ACh application and inhibited channel current. B. Superimposed examples of α7 nicotinic ACh current in the absence (black) and presence (green) of 200 nM α-Bungarotoxin-ATTO Fluor-488 (taken from the experiment in A).

Scientific background

α-Bungarotoxin isoform A31 is a 74 amino acid peptidyl toxin isolated from the venom of the banded krait snake, Bungarus multicinctus¹.

α-Bungarotoxin blocks postsynaptic neuromuscular transmission via competitive inhibition of nicotinic ACh receptors (nAChRs) with an IC₅₀ of 3.5 x 10^-10 M, thereby preventing the depolarizing action on postsynaptic membranes and blocking neuromuscular transmission².

The toxin is selective for α7 receptors (IC₅₀ value of 1.6 nM) and α3/β4 receptors (IC₅₀ value of >3 µM)^3,4.

α-Bungarotoxin also binds to and blocks a subset of GABA_A receptors (GABA_ARs) that contain the GABA_AR β3 subunit. In particular, α-Bungarotoxin blocks GABA_ARs that contain interfaces between adjacent β3 subunits⁵.

Target α7, α1/β1/γ/δ nAChR and GABA(A) receptor subtypes

Peptide Content: 100%

Lyophilized Powder

Last update: 13/10/2022

For research purposes only, not for human use

Specifications

Citations

Applications

Scientific Background

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Certificate of Analysis

α-Bungarotoxin-ATTO Fluor-488

Specifications

Citations

Applications

Scientific Background

Resources

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