Ion Channels

Ion Channels

Engineered venom-derived peptide toxins designed for high-specificity ion channel research and reproducible experimental performance.

Our toxins are developed in-house using controlled synthesis, folding, and multistep purification workflows that eliminate non-specific components found in crude venom. Each peptide is validated by HPLC, mass spectrometry, and functional bioassays, for lot-to-lot consistency and reliable performance. Available in synthetic, recombinant, native, and optionally fluorophore-conjugated formats. These reagents enable precise functional electrophysiology, imaging, and live-cell studies across neuronal systems.

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FAQs

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  • The expected molecular weight (MW) listed in the product datasheet is based solely on the size of the target protein’s amino acid sequence. It’s important to remember that many factors can affect the banding pattern of your western blot including: (1) the existence of a splice variant, (2) the quality of the loaded sample, (3) the protein extraction method, and (4) the protein transfer conditions. To achieve accurate results, you may need to systematically adjust the protein extraction method or the protein transfer conditions.

    • If the band’s MW is below the expected MW it could be due to a splice variant with a slightly different MW.
      • Heat the samples at 70°C for 10 min.
      • Increase the transfer time.
    • If the band’s MW is above the expected MW, it could be due to post-translational modifications.
    • In either event, you should use a blocking peptide as a negative control.

  • Some toxins and peptides are soluble in DMSO; you can find this information in the product specification section. For these products, prepare a concentrated stock solution first.

    1. Centrifuge vial (10,000 x g, 5 minutes) before adding solvent.
    2. Dissolve the lyophilized reagent in DMSO. We recommend keeping a concentrated stock solution at 1-10 mM (100-1000X higher than the final working concentration).
    3. Once the peptide is completely dissolved in DMSO, slowly dilute the peptide in pure water (or buffer) to the desired final working concentration.

    Note: We recommend that you maintain a DMSO concentration as low as possible. For cell assays, a final concentration of 0.1–0.5% DMSO (v/v) is considered acceptable. For other experiments, 5% DMSO (v/v) is recommended; adjust this according to your experimental requirements.

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Category: α3β2
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9 Results
  • α-Conotoxin ImI-ATTO Fluor-590
    Bioassay Tested
    α-Conotoxin ImI-ATTO Fluor-590
    A fluorescent probe for imaging and sensitive detection of α3β2 and α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChR)
    • Product Code: C-290-AR
    • Short Description: A fluorescent probe for imaging and sensitive detection of α3β2 and α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChR)
    • Applications: Electrophysiology, Fluorescence staining, Live cell imaging, Immunofluorescence
    • MW: 1924 Da
  • α-Conotoxin PeIA
    Bioassay Tested
    α-Conotoxin PeIA
    An antagonist of neuronal nAChRs (α9α10, α6-containing, and α3/β2) that also inhibits N-type (CaV2.2) calcium channels via GABA(B) receptor activation
    • Product Code: STC-970
    • Applications: Electrophysiology
    • CAS No.: 866876-88-2
    • MW: 1652 Da
  • µ-Conotoxin CnIIIC
    Bioassay Tested
    µ-Conotoxin CnIIIC
    A potent blocker of skeletal muscle NaV1.4 and neuronal NaV1.2 sodium channels, which also inhibits the α3/β2 nAChR
    • Product Code: STC-640
    • Applications: Electrophysiology
    • MW: 2376 Da
  • α-Conotoxin LtIA
    Bioassay Tested
    α-Conotoxin LtIA
    A potent and selective antagonist of the α3/β2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR)
    • Product Code: STC-550
    • Short Description: A potent and selective antagonist of the α3/β2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR)
    • Applications: Electrophysiology
    • MW: 1601.9 Da
  • α-Conotoxin MII
    Bioassay Tested
    α-Conotoxin MII
    A potent and selective antagonist of neuronal α3β2 and α6β2*-containing nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs)
    • Product Code: STC-040
    • Short Description: A potent and selective antagonist of neuronal α3β2 and α6β2*-containing nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs)
    • Applications: Electrophysiology
    • CAS No.: 175735-93-0
    • MW: 1711 Da
  • α-Conotoxin BuIA
    Bioassay Tested
    α-Conotoxin BuIA
    A broad-spectrum nAChR antagonist used to kinetically distinguish between β2- and β4-containing receptors
    • Product Code: STC-030
    • Short Description: A broad-spectrum nAChR antagonist used to kinetically distinguish between β2- and β4-containing receptors
    • Applications: Electrophysiology
    • MW: 1311.6 Da
  • α-Conotoxin Bt1.8
    Bioassay Tested
    α-Conotoxin Bt1.8
    A potent and selective antagonist of neuronal α6/α3β2β3 and α3β2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs)
    • Product Code: STC-020
    • Short Description: A potent and selective antagonist of neuronal α6/α3β2β3 and α3β2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs)
    • Applications: Electrophysiology
    • MW: 1646 Da
  • α-Conotoxin ImI
    Bioassay Tested
    α-Conotoxin ImI
    A potent antagonist of the neuronal α3β2 and α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChR)
    • Product Code: C-290
    • Short Description: A potent antagonist of the neuronal α3β2 and α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChR)
    • Applications: Electrophysiology
    • CAS No.: 156467-85-5
    • MW: 1351 Da
  • κ-Bungarotoxin
    Bioassay Tested
    κ-Bungarotoxin
    A potent antagonist of α3-containing neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs)
    • Product Code: B-300
    • Short Description: A potent antagonist of α3-containing neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs)
    • Applications: Electrophysiology
    • MW: 7265 Da
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