Venom-Derived Toxins

Alomone Labs products are derived from three main sources: recombinant (expressed in E. coli or other systems), synthetic (chemical synthesis for peptides and small molecules), or natural (isolated directly from the original source). The specific source is listed on each product page.

Our products are lyophilized from either double distilled water (ddH₂O) or volatile buffers (such as acetic acid or acetonitrile) to ensure minimal salt content. We do not add carrier proteins or additives like BSA, HSA, or sucrose. Please note that residual amounts of the solvent (e.g., TFA or acetate) may remain.

Our reagents are shipped at room temperature in a stable, lyophilized (freeze-dried) state. Upon receipt, store the powder at -20°C and protect it from moisture.

Before opening, we recommend centrifuging the vial (e.g., 10,000 × g for 5 minutes) to ensure all material is collected at the bottom, as the lyophilized pellet can be difficult to see. To prepare a concentrated stock solution, add your solvent directly to the vial and dissolve by gently tapping or rolling. Avoid vigorous vortexing.

For specific reconstitution protocols, please refer to the individual product page and use our Molarity Calculator.

Storage After Reconstitution

Once dissolved, stock solutions are generally stable at 4°C for up to one week. For long-term use, we recommend dividing the stock solution into single-use aliquots and storing them at -20°C for up to 6 months. When ready to use, simply thaw an aliquot and dilute it to your final working concentration in the appropriate buffer. We suggest preparing fresh working solutions just before use. Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles.

Note: For specific proteins like neurotrophins or growth factors, adding 0.1% BSA to the diluted solution can significantly improve long-term stability.

Always refer to the specific product page or COA for detailed instructions, as stability can vary by compound.

When stored as a lyophilized powder at -20°C or -80°C and protected from moisture, most products remain stable for several years.

Once reconstituted, stability depends on the storage environment. To ensure the longest shelf life, we recommend storing concentrated stock solutions as single-use aliquots at -20°C. This helps maintain protein stability and avoids the damage caused by multiple freeze-thaw cycles.

Because stability and solubility can vary significantly based on the specific sequence or compound, we recommend referring to the Certificate of Analysis (COA) or the individual product page for detailed reconstitution and storage information.

Our reagents are shipped as stable, lyophilized powders. Before opening, we recommend centrifuging the vial (e.g., 10,000 × g for 5 minutes) to ensure all material is collected at the bottom, as the pellet can be difficult to see.

To reconstitute, add your solvent directly to the vial to prepare a concentrated stock solution. Dissolve by gently tapping or rolling the vial. Avoid vigorous vortexing. For neurotrophins, pro-neurotrophins, and growth factors, we recommend avoiding vortexing entirely. Once dissolved, spin the vial down again and divide the solution into single-use aliquots for storage at -20°C.

For specific protocols, please refer to the individual product page and use our Molarity Calculator.

Solvent Selection & Guidelines

Venom Toxins: Usually soluble in pure water (ddH₂O) at high micromolar concentrations (0.1–1 mM). While they are typically compatible with any aqueous buffer, we highly recommend preparing the initial stock solution in pure water unless stated otherwise.

Neurotrophins & Growth Factors: Our general recommendation is to reconstitute with sterile water at a concentration of 0.1–1.0 mg/mL as a stock solution. For storage of dilute working solutions of specific proteins, we recommend adding a carrier protein (e.g., 0.1% BSA) to your buffer to prevent material loss due to protein adsorption. Always check the product-specific datasheet to ensure additives are compatible with your reagent.

Important Handling Notes:

We recommend preparing fresh working buffers before each use.
Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles to maintain biological activity.
Avoid heating peptides/proteins. Work at ambient room temperature and no higher than 37°C.

Our reagents are shipped as stable, lyophilized powders. Before opening, we recommend centrifuging the vial (e.g., 10,000 × g for 5 minutes) to ensure all material is collected at the bottom, as the pellet can be difficult to see.

For DMSO-soluble products, prepare a concentrated stock solution by dissolving the lyophilized product in high-quality DMSO first (e.g., 100x to 1000x the final working concentration). Once fully dissolved, slowly dilute the stock solution into the desired aqueous buffer (or water) to the final working concentration while gently agitating the mixture.

Important Handling Notes:

DMSO Concentration: To maintain biological activity and minimize toxicity, keep the DMSO concentration as low as possible. For cell-based assays, a final concentration of 0.1–0.5% DMSO (v/v) is generally acceptable. For other experiments, 5% DMSO (v/v) is often recommended, but should be adjusted based on your specific application.

Stability: Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles to maintain optimal biological activity.

Our typical recommendation is to prepare a concentrated stock solution that is 100–1,000x higher than your final working concentration. We do not recommend storing reagents at their final working dilution.

You can find more detailed instructions on compatible solvents and concentrations on the individual product page.

Every product is manufactured and fully validated in-house using LC-MS, HPLC, and biological activity analysis. To ensure proper folding and lot-to-lot consistency, we conduct electrophysiology bioassays (or relevant activity tests) for every new release. A lot is only released once its chemical purity and functional performance align perfectly with our established standards.