Extracellular antibodies are ideal research tools for cell-surface proteins.

No permeabilization/fixation because using extracellular antibodies allows you to work with live cells!

Benefits of live cell imaging:
✓ Monitor cell movement
✓ Study protein transport across the cell
✓ Investigate protein internalization

Na_V1.7  (Scn9a) is predominantly expressed in dorsal root ganglions (DRG) of the peripheral nervous system. Dominant gain-of-function mutations in the Na_V1.7 gene are associated with erythermalgia (a rare autosomal disease characterized by sporadic burning pain accompanied by redness and heat in the extremities). Loss-of-function mutations in Na_V1.7 channels, lead to complete ablation of pain perception in humans. Scn9a is a major therapeutic target for pain.