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Anti-D2 Dopamine Receptor (extracellular) Antibody

DRD2, D(2) dopamine receptor
    Cat #: ADR-002
    Alternative Name DRD2, D(2) dopamine receptor
  • Lyophilized Powder
  • Antigen Incl.
    • Type: Polyclonal
    Host: Rabbit
    Reactivity: m, r
    May also work in: h*
    Immunogen
    • Peptide (C)DDLERQNWSRPFNGSE, corresponding to amino acid residues 11-26 of rat DRD2 (Accession P61169). Extracellular, N-terminus.
    • Anti-D2 Dopamine Receptor (extracellular) Antibody
    Accession (Uniprot) Number P61169
    Gene ID 24318
    Peptide confirmation Confirmed by amino acid analysis and mass spectrometry.
    Homology Mouse - identical; human - 15/16 amino acid residues identical.
    RRID AB_2039828.
    Purity Affinity purified on immobilized antigen.
    Form Lyophilized powder. Reconstituted antibody contains phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 1% BSA, 0.05% NaN3.
    Isotype Rabbit IgG.
    Storage before reconstitution The antibody ships as a lyophilized powder at room temperature. Upon arrival, it should be stored at -20°C.
    Reconstitution 25 µl, 50 μl or 0.2 ml double distilled water (DDW), depending on the sample size.
    Antibody concentration after reconstitution 0.8 mg/ml.
    Storage after reconstitution The reconstituted solution can be stored at 4°C for up to 1 week. For longer periods, small aliquots should be stored at -20°C. Avoid multiple freezing and thawing. Centrifuge all antibody preparations before use (10000 x g 5 min).
    Negative control antigen storage before reconstitution Lyophilized powder can be stored intact at room temperature for 2 weeks. For longer periods, it should be stored at -20°C.
    Negative control antigen reconstitution 100 µl double distilled water (DDW).
    Negative control antigen storage after reconstitution -20°C.
    Preadsorption Control 1 μg peptide per 1 μg antibody.
    Standard quality control of each lot Western blot analysis.
    Applications: ih, wb
    May also work in: ic*, ifc*, ip*, lci*
    Western blot
    • Anti-D2 Dopamine Receptor (extracellular) Antibody
      Western blot analysis of rat striatum (lanes 1 and 5) and hippocampus (lanes 2 and 6) membranes and of rat (lanes 3 and 7) and mouse (lanes 4 and 8) whole brain lysates:
      1-4. Anti-D2 Dopamine Receptor (extracellular) Antibody (#ADR-002), (1:200).
      5-8. Anti-D2 Dopamine Receptor (extracellular) Antibody, preincubated with the control peptide antigen.
    Immunohistochemistry

    • Rat brain sections (1:100), (see Yang, Y.L. et al. (2019) Front. Neurosci. 13, 195.).

    References
    1. Missale, C. et al. (1998) Physiol. Rev. 78, 189.
    2. Kehne, J.H. et al. (2008) Curr. Top. Med. Chem. 8, 1068.
    Scientific background

    The D2 dopamine receptor (DRD2) is one of five receptors that mediate the effects of the catecholamine neurotransmitter dopamine. Dopamine regulates a variety of functions including locomotor activity, emotion, positive reinforcement, food intake, and endocrine regulation. The dopaminergic system has been extensively studied in the last thirty years mainly because its dysregulation has been linked to several neurological and neuropsychiatric diseases including Parkinson’s disease and schizophrenia.1

    All five dopamine receptors belong to the 7-transmembrane domain, G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) superfamily.

    Historically, the five receptors have been divided into two subfamilies based on pharmacological and structural considerations: the D1-like subfamily (that includes the D1 and D5 subtypes) and the D2-like subfamily (that includes the D2-, D3- and D4 subtypes).1

    The D1-like receptors are coupled to Gs-type G proteins and enhance adenylate cyclase activity while the D2-like receptors are coupled to Gi-type G proteins and inhibit adenylate cyclase activity.1

    D2 receptor expression in the brain is largely confined to the striatum, prefrontal cortex and hypothalamus.1

    Dysregulation of D2 receptor function has been implicated in several disorders including schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, Parkinson's disease, and restless legs syndrome. Consistent with this, treatments that either block or activate the D2 receptor have been developed to treat these diseases.2

    Application key:

    CBE- Cell-based ELISA, FC- Flow cytometry, ICC- Immunocytochemistry, IE- Indirect ELISA, IF- Immunofluorescence, IFC- Indirect flow cytometry, IHC- Immunohistochemistry, IP- Immunoprecipitation, LCI- Live cell imaging, N- Neutralization, WB- Western blot

    Species reactivity key:

    H- Human, M- Mouse, R- Rat
    Lyophilized PowderNegative Control Antigen Included
    receive a 25 µl free trial sample!
    Last update: 01/07/2020

    Anti-D2 Dopamine Receptor (extracellular) Antibody (#ADR-002) is a highly specific antibody directed against an epitope of the rat protein. The antibody can be used in western blot and immunohistochemistry applications. It has been designed to recognize DRD2 from rat, human, and mouse samples.

    For research purposes only, not for human use

    Applications

    Specifications

    Scientific Background

    Citations

    Citations
    Western blot citations
    1. Rat colon lysate.
      Li, Y. et al. (2019) Am. J. Physiol. 316, C393.
    2. Rat brain lysate.
      Lin, H.C. et al. (2016) Front. Neural Circuits 9, 87.
    3. Mouse brain lysate.
      Matchynski-Franks, J.J. et al. (2016) PLos ONE 11, 30155759.
    4. Mouse MC3T3-E1 pre-osteoblast cell lysate.
      Lee, D.J. et al. (2015) Bone Res. 3, 15020.
    Immunohistochemistry citations
    1. Mouse artery sections.
      Crockett, S.L. et al. (2019) Pediatr. Res. 87, 991.
    2. Rat colon sections.
      Li, Y. et al. (2019) Am. J. Physiol. 316, C393.
    3. Rat brain sections (1:100).
      Yang, Y.L. et al. (2019) Front. Neurosci. 13, 195.
    Immunofluorescence citations
    1. Mouse artery sections.
      Crockett, S.L. et al. (2019) Pediatr. Res. 87, 991.

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    Controversial Feelings about Dopamine Receptors

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