
This product is freeze dried. All water molecules have been removed.

The activity of this product has been verified and approved by our professional team.
Our Bioassay
Huang, E.J. and Reichardt, L.F. (2001) Annu. Rev. Neurosci. 24, 677.
Teng, K.K. and Hempstead, B.L. (2004) Cell Mol. Life Sci. 61, 35.
Bocchini, V. and Angeletti, P.U. (1969) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 64, 787.





- Roux, P. et al. (2002) Prog. Neurobiol. 67, 203.
- Levi-Montalcini, R. (1966) Harvey Lect. 60, 217.
- Kalb, R. (2005) Trends Neurosci. 28, 5.
- Huang, E.J. and Reichardt, L.F. (2001) Annu. Rev. Neurosci. 24, 677.
- Farinas, I. et al. (1998) Neuron 21, 325.
- Levi-Montalcini, R. et al. (1996) Trends Neurosci. 19, 514.
- McDonald, N.Q. et al. (1991) Nature 354, 411.
- Freund V. and Frossard, N. (1994) Prog. Brain Res. 146, 335.
- Raychaudhuri, S.P. and Raychaudhuri, S.K. (2004) Prog. Brain Res. 146, 333.
- Kawamoto, K. and Matsuda, H. (2004) Prog. Brain Res. 146, 369.
- Rosenberg, M.B. et al. (1986) J. Neurochem. 46, 641.
- Rosenberg, M.B. et al. (1987) J. Neurochem. 48, 865.
- Bronfman, F.C. et al. (2003) J. Neurosci. 23, 3209.
- George, P.M. et al. (2006) Adv. Materials 18, 577.
- Cui, B. et al. (2007) Proc. Natl. Ass. Sci. 104, 13666.
- Perlson, E. et al. (2009) J. Neurosci. (2009) 29, 9903.
- Teng, K.K. and Hempstead, B.L. (2004) Cell Mol. Life Sci. 61, 35.
The neurotrophins ("neuro" means nerve and "trophe" means nutrient) are a family of soluble, basic protein growth factors which regulate neuronal development, maintenance, survival and death in the CNS and the PNS1. NGF, the first member of the family to be discovered, was originally purified as a factor supporting and regulating survival, development, function and plasticity of sympathetic and sensory spinal neurons in central and peripheral nervous systems in vivo as well as in vitro 2-4.
It is synthesized and secreted by sympathetic and sensory target organs and provides trophic support to neurons as they reach their final target5. Neurotrophin secretion increases in the nervous system following injury. Schwann cells, fibroblasts, and activated mast cells normally synthesize NGF constitutively, however, direct trauma and induction of cytokines combine to increase neurotrophin production in these cells after injury6.
NGF is purified in three forms: the 7S, 2.5S and β, in which the biologically active subunit is the b subunit. The structural hallmark of all the neurotrophins is the characteristic arrangement of the disulfide bridges known as the cysteine knot, which has been found in other growth factors such as Platelet-Derived Growth Factor7.
Additionally, the involvement of NGF was recently discovered in processes such as asthma8, psoriasis9 and wound healing10. The biological effects of NGF are mediated by two receptors: TrkA, which is specific for NGF, and p75, which binds all the neurotrophins11.
For the past three decades, biotinylated derivatives of NGF are widely used in the literature as useful probes for the study of the binding and the initial intracellular processing of this growth factor by cells bearing TrkA NGF receptor 12. First studies using 125I-NGF have visualized the intracellular location of NGF12. A biotinylated derivative of NGF that retains biological activity, in conjunction with the appropriate avidin conjugates and fluorescent or confocal microscopic techniques, improve the sensitivity and resolution in many applications. Some examples of applications are: targeting of liposomes containing biotinylated NGF to cells bearing TrkA NGF receptors13; elucidating the kinetics and route of ligand-induced internalization of the p75 receptor through signaling endosomes in cycling and differentiated PC12 cells using biotinylated derivative of NGF14; electrically controlled NGF-Biotin delivery from biotin-doped conductive polymer15; studying the retrograde axonal transport mechanism of NGF signals from the axon terminal to the cell body16,17.
NGF localization in mouse cerebellumLocalization of NGF in mouse frozen brain floating sections using mouse NGF 2.5S-Biotin (#N-240-B), (10 nM), followed by Extravidin conjugated to Cy3 (red). Blue indicates DAPI nissl counterstain. mouse NGF labeling (red) is restricted to Purkinje cells (arrow). G = Granule layer, P = Purkinje layer, M = Molecular layer.
Retrograde transport of Alomone Labs mouse NGF 2.5S-Biotin conjugated to Qdot in DRG explants.
Dorsal root ganglia explant from E13.5 mice were grown 3 days in compartmental chambers. 4 nM of mouse NGF 2.5S-Biotin (#N-240-B) conjugated to Qdot605 were added to the distal axon chamber. Retrograde transport of Qdot-NGF was imaged along one axon. Pictures were taken every 2 sec at x60 magnification.
mouse NGF 2.5S-Biotin (#N-240-B) is a highly pure and biologically active conjugated protein.
✓ Targeting liposomes containing biotinylated NGF to cells bearing TrkA receptors
✓ Elucidating the kinetics and route of ligand-induced internalization of the p75 receptor
✓ Studying the retrograde axonal transport mechanism of NGF signals from the axon terminal to the cell body.
- KC, R. et al. (2016) Ann. Rheum. Dis. In press.
- Tanaka, Y. et al. (2016) Neuron 90, 1215.
- Villarin, J.M. et al. (2016) Nat. Commun. 7, 13865.
- Blockers/Antagonists: small moleculesActivators/Agonists: small molecules